Customize secondary indexes
You can optimize your list queries based on "secondary indexes". For example, if you have a Customer model, you can query based on the customer's id identifier field by default but you can add a secondary index based on the accountRepresentativeId to get list customers for a given account representative.
A secondary index consists of a "hash key" and, optionally, a "sort key". Use the "hash key" to perform strict equality and the "sort key" for greater than (gt), greater than or equal to (ge), less than (lt), less than or equal to (le), equals (eq), begins with, and between operations.
export const schema = a.schema({ Customer: a .model({ name: a.string(), phoneNumber: a.phone(), accountRepresentativeId: a.id().required(), }) .secondaryIndexes((index) => [index("accountRepresentativeId")]) .authorization(allow => [allow.publicApiKey()]),});The example client query below creates a custom GraphQL request that allows you to query for "Customer" records based on their accountRepresentativeId:
struct PaginatedList<ModelType: Model>: Decodable { let items: [ModelType] let nextToken: String?}let operationName = "listCustomer8ByAccountRepresentativeId"let document = """query ListCustomer8ByAccountRepresentativeId { \(operationName)(accountRepresentativeId: "\(accountRepresentativeId)") { items { createdAt accountRepresentativeId id name phoneNumber updatedAt } nextToken }}"""
let request = GraphQLRequest<PaginatedList<Customer>>( document: document, responseType: PaginatedList<Customer>.self, decodePath: operationName)
let queriedCustomers = try await Amplify.API.query( request: request).get()Review how this works under the hood with Amazon DynamoDB
Amplify uses Amazon DynamoDB tables as the default data source for a.model(). For key-value databases, it is critical to model your access patterns with "secondary indexes". Use the .index() modifier to configure a secondary index.
Amazon DynamoDB is a key-value and document database that delivers single-digit millisecond performance at any scale but making it work for your access patterns requires a bit of forethought. DynamoDB query operations may use at most two attributes to efficiently query data. The first query argument passed to a query (the hash key) must use strict equality and the second attribute (the sort key) may use gt, ge, lt, le, eq, beginsWith, and between. DynamoDB can effectively implement a wide variety of access patterns that are powerful enough for the majority of applications.
Add sort keys to secondary indexes
You can define "sort keys" to add a set of flexible filters to your query, such as "greater than" (gt), "greater than or equal to" (ge), "less than" (lt), "less than or equal to" (le), "equals" (eq), "begins with" (beginsWith), and "between" operations.
export const schema = a.schema({ Customer: a .model({ name: a.string(), phoneNumber: a.phone(), accountRepresentativeId: a.id().required(), }) .secondaryIndexes((index) => [ index("accountRepresentativeId") .sortKeys(["name"]), ]) .authorization(allow => [allow.owner()]),});On the client side, you can create a custom GraphQL request based on the new listBy... query that's named after hash key and sort keys. You can supply the filter as part of this new list query:
struct PaginatedList<ModelType: Model>: Decodable { let items: [ModelType] let nextToken: String?}let operationName = "listCustomer9ByAccountRepresentativeIdAndName"let document = """query ListCustomer8ByAccountRepresentativeId { \(operationName)(accountRepresentativeId: "\(accountRepresentativeId)", name: {beginsWith: "\(name)"}) { items { accountRepresentativeId createdAt id name phoneNumber updatedAt } nextToken }}"""let request = GraphQLRequest<PaginatedList<Customer>>( document: document, responseType: PaginatedList<Customer>.self, decodePath: operationName)
let queriedCustomers = try await Amplify.API.query( request: request).get()Customize the query field for secondary indexes
You can also customize the auto-generated query name under client.models.<MODEL_NAME>.listBy... by setting the queryField() modifier.
const schema = a.schema({ Customer: a .model({ name: a.string(), phoneNumber: a.phone(), accountRepresentativeId: a.id().required(), }) .secondaryIndexes((index) => [ index("accountRepresentativeId") .queryField("listByRep"), ]) .authorization(allow => [allow.owner()]),});In your client app code, you can use the updated query name.
struct PaginatedList<ModelType: Model>: Decodable { let items: [ModelType] let nextToken: String?}let operationName = "listByRep"let document = """query ListByRep { \(operationName)(accountRepresentativeId: "\(accountRepresentativeId)") { items { accountRepresentativeId createdAt id name phoneNumber updatedAt } nextToken }}"""
let request = GraphQLRequest<PaginatedList<Customer>>( document: document, responseType: PaginatedList<Customer>.self, decodePath: operationName)
let queriedCustomers = try await Amplify.API.query( request: request).get()Customize the name of secondary indexes
To customize the underlying DynamoDB's index name, you can optionally provide the name() modifier.
const schema = a.schema({ Customer: a .model({ name: a.string(), phoneNumber: a.phone(), accountRepresentativeId: a.id().required(), }) .secondaryIndexes((index) => [ index("accountRepresentativeId") .name("MyCustomIndexName"), ]) .authorization(allow => [allow.owner()]),});